ORDER NO. 13237
APPP.OVAL OF P•4INIMUM COrdSTRUCTION SPECIFICATIONS FOR AREAS
WHERE BASE FLOOD ELEVATIONS ARE NOT PROVIDED
On this the 13th day of February 1978, upon motion made
by Commissioner Lich, seconded by Commissioner Garrett,
the Court unanimously approved the Kerr County Flood Plain
i~tinimum Construction Specifications for areas where base
flood elevations are not provided and that said specifications
be filed in the office of the County Clerk of Kerr County,
Texas.
J
KERR COUNTY FLOOD PLAIN
MINIMUM CONSTRUCTION SPECIFICATIONS
FOR
AREAS WHERE BASE FLOOD ELEVATIONS ARE NOT PROVIDED
Fi;eC lo~'nay of __ .D. Y9~
CIerk~unty our ~ I ~rE ty. Tws
~7 ,~ Deputy,
Based on:
Guide Manual for Elevated Residential Structures
Federal Insurance Administration
National Flood Insurance Program
Department of Housing and Urban Development
and
Flood-Resistant Construction Specifications
Department of Community Affairs
Commonwealth of Pennsylvania
and
Flood-Proofing Regulations
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
I N D E X
Pages
1. Foundations - Elevated Structures 1 - 4
2. Foundations - Non-Elevated Structures 5 - 8
3. Superstructure Anchorage Systems 11 - 14
4. Mobile Homes 15
5. Recommended Interior Construction Materials 16 - 18
MINIMUM CONSTRUCTION REQUIREMENTS
The following details are suggested methods of meeting the Kerr County
construction requirements to minimize flood damage in designated flood
hazard areas.
ELEVATED STRUCTURES
1. PILE FOUNDATIONS
A. Files are to be driven to a load bearing layer, such as rick cr deep
enough into earth to develop enough friction between the surface of
the piles and the surrounding soil to carry the load.
B. Design analysis for friction piles are to be submitted to the Flood
Plain Administrator.
2. POST FOUNDATIONS
A. Embedment
(1) Wood posts are generally embedded 4 to 8 feet (4 feet minimum
depth permitted).
(2) Hole size - should be 8 inches larger in diameter than greatest
dimension of the post section.
(3) Design loads and allowable soil bearing capacity should be used
to determine the embedment procedure.
(4) A design analysis for the construction procedure used is to be
submitted to the Flood Plain Administrator.
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B. Permitted Construction Procedures
1 f~ Wood Post
v Backfill Gra~
.~ ~
Q o ~
o •* D
"o
6 1 ~ p
.p J '
.o.
e 4 '..
oo' ~ ~ o
a ~- .
EARTH BEARING
Figure 1
			ood Post
			Backfill Sand
				or gravel
° ~	~
I		°	~ Grad
.~	,~
V			
_	i	o	
D .D
'•	'	O
•	
°~
.	
j	
o	oncrete ad should
P
• •o	i/	° ~	be approximately as
`	~		thick as 1/2 its dia-
l v•,; 0'd °. •~ :	eter with a minimum
~+ ,,,~~ , ,	i thickness of 8" .
POST ON CONCRETE
BEARING PAD
Figure 2
Pole
'' Grade
Two Foot +
l~ ~ EL.Reinforced
Minimum ~ f ~ ~ Concrete
Collar ~ ~ ~ Collar Permits
+ t ~ Shallower
h,+ ~ Embedment
1 r-'~j of Pole
ti 1
j ± E+•- Sand or Gravel
~ + Backfill
~ d _ I_ ~
Anchor
Strap-
Wood Post
U B ckfill(Cona=ete)
1l 'I Grade \.
1 O ~V/ • • ...~C_
~1 d
\ ~
e• •~
~ / •o
O ~
00 `~ 0 ,.
• yv%,,•
CONCRETE BACKFILL
Figure 3
Post
~ ~ ier
i~
~ ~ ~, Grade
~ ~ .,~1' ,ate
+ f~~~o keo d Rod Pier
+ + ~ to Footing
.r~~r ~~~
~` ' Reinforced
+/ 1 YYj_% / ~ ~i
~T/ 1 ,i
POST-PIERPOST-PIER FOUNDATION
Figure 5
CONCRETE COLLAR
Figure 4
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3. PIER FOUNDATIONS
A. Pier foundations are an effective means of elevating structures in
flood hazard areas. Brick, reinforced concrete masonry and poured
in place concrete piers are often used.
B. Design analysis for the footing sizing are to be submitted to the
Flood Plain Administrator.
C. Minimum Pier Requirements

Pier
Material	
Minimum
Pier Size	
Minimum
Footin Size	Pier S acing
Right Angles Parallel
to Joists to Joists	Useful
Elevation
Range
Brick	12" x 12"	24" x 24" x 8"	8' o.c.	12' o.c.	18" to 6'
Concrete	12" x 12" or	24" x 24" x 8"	8' o.c.	12' o.c.	18" to 8'
Masonry	8" x 16"	20" x 24" x 8"			
Poured-in	Min.12" dia.	20" x 20" x 8"			18" to 12'+
Place	or 10" x 10"				
Concrete					
-3-
3. PIER FOUNDATIONS (continued)
D. Permitted Construction Procedures
Poured--~ ~ ~-"'Anchor
Cap Bolts
. .'.H.~/. •.
Reinforced ~
12" z 1?"
Brick Pier r ~ ~ 1 GreotiP
It ~ r. '~
nchor ods
Reinforced '
Footing ~~ 1
~ /' • ~ ~ ' r ~,~ ~ ; Min.
~~~ ~
~ ~~ ~ /
~/
?4" ~~
Minimum ~ ~ ~ y4"
Minimum
FIGURE 6 - BRICK PIER
Anchor Strap
Reinforced
Concrete
Pier ---- -- ---
I I I I 12"x 12"
Concrete
Masonry
RNnfa~ing - Block
Rath I
I ,I i
.a~ ~ ~ __~.-~ - -
...~'... I ~ ~ 1~ ..
~1k+loread ~ ~ ~ 8" Min.
hosting 1 ,}L L +. ~~_ ~ -' ~ I
.......~ t " i / i
~ ~ `/ 1 ~~ Minimum
1 ~i
FIGURE 7 - REINFORCED CONCRETE MASONRY
PIER
Grade .__ { I I I ~ ~
~.~`r ", I t I ` --- ~ ~ ~ i 8" Min.
Reinforced-~~~ ~ ~ ? _,',/~ ~
Footing ~~ , ,~~.~i ~
s
i
i __~~ _. ~ ,~-- J~ - ~i~ 24"x24..
~ ~ ~ ~ ~ Minimum
, I ~
1-----------~'
FIGURE 8 - REINFORCED CONCRETE PIER
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NON-ELEVATED STRUCTURES
1. FOOTINGS
Footings shall be concrete cast with anchorage dowels as indicated on
Figure 9 below. The dowels shall be one half-inch or larger diameter
reinforcing steel having standard hooks as specified by the American
Concrete Institute Standard 318-71, spaced at 4-foot intervals and
embedded so that the hook has at least three inches (3") of clear cover.
The dowels shall protrude at least 24 bar diameters over the top of the
footing.
~be~~ed
_,~
.___,~
FIGURE 9 - FOOTING
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2. FOUNDATION WALLS
Foundation Wa11s shall be cast-in-place concrete. Wall thickness shall be
a minimum of 10 inches and wall height (from top of footing to top of wall)
shall be a minimum of 48 inches. One half-inch or larger diameter threaded
steel bars shall be placed in the wall at 4-foot intervals. These bars
shall extend not less than 18 inches below the top of the wall and shall
have standard hooks as specified by the American Concrete Institute Standard
318-71. Threaded bars shall protrude from the top of the wall to allow for
fastening of foundation wall sill plate. See Figure 10 below.
,~
t
o--ichor 6oI ~-5
~~
6~ ~,G
a
i/ /,.
FIGURE 10 - FOUNDATION WALL DETAIL
.,o
hones ~~,b~aa~d
in fooling
-6-
3. FOOTING AND FOUNDATION INTEGRAL WITH FLOOR SLAB (can be used with cast-in-
place concrete and concrete masonry wall construction)
The footing, foundation and slab shall be cast-in-place concrete with
anchorage dowels and with provisions for air venting as indicated in
Figure 11 below. One half-inch or larger anchorage dowels with standard
hooks are as specified by the American Concrete Institute Standard (ACI)
318-71, shall be provided at 4-foot intervals and embedded so that the
hook has at least three inches (3") of clear cover. The dowels shall
protrude at least 24 bar diameters over the top of the slab. Select
grandular backfill (stone or gravel) shall be used around both ends of
p.v.c. vent pipes.
jz" reihEorc,ir,g bars_
i ~, 1Ei" n_ ~-
~ AipE
~o`~t
FIGURE 11 - CONCRETE FOOTING CAST INTEGRALLY
WITH FLOOR SLAB
-7-
4. CAST-IN-PLACE CONCRETE WALLS
Cast-in-Place walls shall be a minimum of 10 inches thick. One half-inch
or larger diameter threaded steel bars shall be placed in the wall at 4-foot
intervals. These bars shall extend not less than 18 inches below the top
of the wall and shall have standard hooks as specified by the American
Concrete Institute Standard 318-71. Threaded bars shall protrude from the
toF, of the wall to permit fastening of top plates for single story and
sill plates for 2-story construction. See following Figure 12.
~a
~O ,~
~h W41~
9
FIGURE 12 - FIRST FLOOR WALL - CAST-IN-PLACE CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION (FOUNDATION
WALL SHOWN CAST INTEGRALLY WITH FLOOR SLAB)
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5. CONCRETE MASONRY WALLS
As a minimum, 12-inch masonry units shall be used. One half-inch or
larger diameter steel reinforcing bars shall be placed in the center of
masonry unit cells at 4-foot intervals and shall extend from the top of
the footing to the top of the wall. The cells containing reinforcing
steel shall be completely filled with coarse sand grout when the clear
horizontal dimensions of the vertical cells are less than 4 inches or
with pea gravel concrete (three eighth-inch maximum size aggregate) for
larger cells. Splicing of reinforcing bars is permitted if bars are
overlapped a minimum of 24 bar diameters and are held in contact by
wiring or other means.
One half-inch or larger diameter steel reinforcing bars shall protrude
from the top of the wall at 4-foot intervals to allow for fastening of
the top plates for single story and sill plates for 2-story construction.
These bars shall be threaded to allow for nut connections and shall be
spliced to wall reinforcing bars with a minimum overlap of 18 inches.
See following Figure 13.
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i
rnin.wa!I
height •7~-0"
~~
~-~ _ ~~:
resri f or c~r~ g
bgr5
~ za" o c
~~~
FIGURE 13 - FIRST FLOOR WALL - CONCRETE MASONRY UNIT CONSTRUCTION
(FOUNDATION•GdALL SHOWN CAST INTEGRALLY WITH FIRST FLOOR SLAB)
-10-
anchor bolts ~ 48" o. C•
4~
2
SUPERSTRUCTURE ANCHORAGE SYSTEMS
1. DOUBLED SILL SYSTEM
The foundation wall sill plate shall be constructed of two 2" x 6" timber
members, drilled, fitted over, and bolted to the foundation anchor bolts
wit:i nuts and 2-inch minimum diameter washers as shown in Figure 14 below.
After installation of joists, header, subfloor, sole plate and studs, one
half-inch exterior plywood sheathing shall be installed with its lower edge
overlapping the header and the exposed edges of the double sill as shown
in following Figure 15. Fastening for all members shall be as specified
in following Table 1. (Fastening ScYiedule).

tx~: ioi' _ __
shcc-r/iin9 ~
LSOi7G~lirBg4~~r J
~-` so/eo%/~
f~-z ~ ~ //o~~ fs

i~
I~
~I -fbui7o'~r~o~ sr~o//
onc~o~',6~/~ 'z I
I~
~~
i~
FIGURE 14 - DOUBLED SILL SYSTEM
studs
so~c plafe
s~~floor
band ---~
doubled sill plate
founda from
wa 1l
~~, ~ sh~arFhrng
_ J 1 _ _
===~T =_
I I I •I ~ I.1 ~ '
I.~~-' 3-16e~ ~ hod-6"o. G. c
~ ~ ~
•I I•I
~ - 1 L - - - - - ~-~- - -
i~
II ~ ed -~'o.c.
. .. I I ~ '
FIGURE 15 - SHEATHING FASTENING - DOUBLED SILL SYSTEM
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2. ANGLE CONNECTOR SYSTEM
The foundation wall sill plate shall be a 2" x 6" timber member, drilled,
fitted over, and bolted to the foundation anchor bolts with nuts and steel
angle members as shown in following Figures 16 and 17. Carriage bolts
through the header and angle shall be three eighth-inch minimum diameter
and shall be drawn up to imbed heads flush with the face of the header.
After installation of joists, header, subfloor, sole plate and wall studs,
one half-inch exterior plywood sheathing shall be applied with its lower
edge overlapping the header and sill plate. Fastening for all members
shall be as specified in following Table 1 (Fastening Schedule.
-- ~- --
..~--------- ~ ~v~ls
~.~~~t~or sfit~,/ifi~
.fi-r~'~ha~o'r~~
,~~6 - ~.6a-'
f,.-,/o~ s ~ s
,any/2 Come c ~~~
I I `~ ~ unc~4~ioi7 vvn// s: //~/a ~Q
-I
on~ho~ ,fro/~ - -.. II
1;
FIGURE 16 - ANGLE CONNECTOR SYSTEM
.~
3/8" ~
carriage
bolt

FIGURE 17 - ANGLE CONNECTOR-IN-PLACE
-" so%r~/ofa
r
Slot
' (3/4" gS x
2" lg. )
~\`~~
~,
`~p" `r.
. ~
-12-
3. SOLE PLATE SYSTEM
As indicated in Figure 18 below, the foundation anchor bolts shall extend
up through the subfloor and sole plate. Nuts and 2-inch minimum diameter
washers shall be installed on the anchor bolts and tightened onto the sole
plate. After installation of joists, header, subfloor, sole plate and wall
studs, one half-inch exterior plywood sheathing shall be applied with its
lower edge overlapping the header and sill plate. Fastening for all members
shall be as specified in following Table 1 (Fastening Schedule).
~z ° plywood - -- ~ - _ _~- - 3~~~~
1
-~
11
It
11
i~
11
1~
11
i
li

S l/~ ~~OG>"
- '/O/SfJ

- = ~ando~on Lc-ems//
FIGURE 18 - SOLE PLATE ANCHORING SYSTEM
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TABLE 1 - SUPERSTRUCTURE ANCHORAGE FASTENING SCHEDULE
NUMBER &
TYPES OF
DESCRIPTION OF BUILDING MATERIALS FASTF.NF.RS GPA(`T N~ nF FDCTFTTRDC
oist to sill plate, toe nail	2-lOd	--
Header (band to joist ends, face	3-16d	
nail		
Subfloor to joists, face nail	6d*	6" o.c. along edges,
		8" o.c. along all
		intermediate su orts
Sole plate to joist, face nail	2-16d	16" o.c.
Sole plate to band, face nail	16d	16" o.c.
Sole plate to studs, face nail	2-16d	--
or		
Stud to sole plate, toe nail	4-8d or	
	3-16d	--
Sheathing to studs, face nail	6d*	6" o.c. along edges
		8" o.c. along
		intermediate sup ort
		
Sheathing to header (band),	2-6d*	in vertical rows at
face nail		8" o.c. horizontally
Sheathing to sill plate, face	6d*	8" o.c.
nail (Angle connector system		
and sole plate anchor system)		
or		
Sheathing to doubled sill plate,	2-8d*	in vertical rows at
face nail (Doubled sill s stem)		6" o.c. horizontall
* 2~ x 15 gauge coated staples may be substituted on an equivalent
spacing basis
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MOBILE HOMES
1. Over-the-top ties shall be provided at each end of the mobile
home with two additional ties at intermediate locations for
homes greater than 50 feet in length; one intermediate tie is
required for homes less than 50 feet in length.
2. Frame ties shall be provided at each corner of the mobile home
with five additional ties per side at intermediate points for
homes greater than 50 feet in length; four additional ties per
side are required for homes less than 50 feet in length.
3. All components of the anchoring system shall be capable of a
force of 4,800 pounds.
4. Any additions to the mobile home shall be similarly anchored.
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RECOMMENDED INTERIOR CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS
It is recommended that only materials of Class 4 and 5 category be used
for interior construction.
1. FLOOR MATERIALS
Class
Asphalt tiles (A)	1
with asphaltic adhesives	3
Carpeting (glued-down types)	1
Cement/bitumenous, formed-in-place	4
Cement/latex, formed-in-place	4
Ceramic tiles (A)	1
with acid and alkali-resistant grout	3
Chipboard	1
Clay the	5
Concrete, precast or in situ	5
Concrete the	5
Cork	1
Enamel felt-base floor coverings	1
Epoxy, formed-in-place	5
Linoleum	1
Magnesite (magnesium oxychloride)	1
Mastic felt-base flood coverings	1
Mastic flooring, formed-in-place	5
Polyurethane, formed-in-place	5
PVA emulsion cement	1
Rubber sheets (A)	1
with chemical-set adhesives (B)	5
Rubber tiles (A)	1
with chemical-set adhesives (B)	4
Silicone floors, formed-in-place	5
Terrazzo	4
Vinyl sheets (homogeneous)(A)	1
with chemical-set adhesives (B)	5
Vinyl the (homogeneous) (A)	1
with chemical-set adhesives (B)	4
Vinyl the or sheets (coated on cork or wood	
product backings)	1
Vinyl-asbestos tiles (semi-flexible vinyl)(A)	1
with asphaltic adhesives	4
Wood flooring or underlayments	1
Wood composition blocks laid in cement mortar	2
Wood composition blocks,dipped and laid in hot	
pitch or bitumen	2
NOTES: (A) Using normally-specified suspended floor (i.e.,	above-grade)
adhesives, including sulfite liquor (lignin or	"linoleum
paste"), rubber/Asphaltic dispersions, or "alcohol" type
resinous adhesives (cumar, oleoresinous).	
{B) e.g. epoxy - polyamide adhesives or latex-hydraulic cement.
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2. WALL & CEILING MATERIALS
Class
Asbestos-cement board	5
Brick, face or glazed	5
common	2
Cabinets, built in	
Wood	2
Metal	5
Cast stone (in waterproof mortar)	5
Chalkboards	
Slate, porcelainglass, nucite glass	5
Cement-asbestos	2
Composition, painted	2
Chipboard	1
Exterior Sheathing Grade	2
Clay the	
Structural glazed	5
Ceramic veneer, ceramic wall tile-mortar set	4
Ceramic veneer, organic adhesives	2
Concrete	5
Concrete block	5
Corkboard	2
Doors	
Wood hollow	2
Wood, light weight panel construction	2
Wood, solid	2
Metal, hollow	5
Metal, Kalamein	2
Fiberboard panels, Vegetable types	
Sheathing grade (asphalt coated or impregnated)	2
Otherwise	1
Gypsum products	
Gypsum board	2
Keene's cement on plaster	2
Plater, otherwise, including acoustical	2
Sheathing panels, exterior grade	2
Glass (sheets, colored tiles, panels)	4
Glass blocks	5
Hardboard	
Tempered, enamel or plastic coated	2
All other types	2
Insulation	
Foam or closed cell types	4
Batt or blanket types	1
All other types	2
Metals, non-ferrous (aluminum, copper or zinc tiles)	3
Ferrous	5
Mineral fiberboard	1
Plastic wall tiles (polystyrene, urea formaldehyde,	
etc.) with waterproof adhesives, pointed with	
waterproof grout	3
Set in water-soluble adhesives	2
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Class
Paint	2
Polyester-epoxy and other waterproof types	4
All other types	1
Paperboard	1
Partitions, folding	
Metal	4
Wood	2
Fabric-covered types	1
Partitions, stationary	
Wood frame	4
Metal	5
Glass, unreinforced	4
Reinforced	4
Gypsum, solid or block	1
Rubber, mouldings and trim with epoxy-polyamide	
adhesive or latex-hydraulic cement	4
All other applications	1
Steel, (panels, trim, tile) with waterproof	
applications	5
With non-waterproof adhesives	2
Stone, natural solid or veneer, waterproof grout	5
Stone, artificial non-absorbent solid or veneer,	
waterproof grout	5
All other applications	2
Strawboard	
Exterior grade (asphalt-impregnated kraft paper)	2
All other types	1
Wall coverings	
Paper, burlap, cloth types	1
Wood	
Solid {boards, sheets, or trim)	2
Plywood	
Exterior grade	2
Otherwise	1
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